Mineral slab for insulation of the house – technical specifications

Mineral slabs have great thermal and acoustic qualities, which makes them a popular choice for home insulation. These slabs, which are mostly made of mineral wool from basalt or rock, are intended to control indoor temperature by minimizing heat gain in the summer and heat loss in the winter. Additionally, they reduce noise, which quiets and comforts interior spaces.

A crucial technical characteristic of mineral slabs is their thermal conductivity, which is commonly represented by the lambda (λ) value. Lower values indicate better insulation because they reflect the material’s ability to conduct heat. λ values for mineral slabs usually vary from 0.032 to 0.040 W/mK, contingent upon the material’s density and composition.

Their resistance to fire is another crucial feature. Because they are naturally non-combustible, mineral slabs provide excellent fire protection. Because of this feature, they can be used in a variety of construction settings where fire safety is a top concern, giving builders and homeowners alike peace of mind.

The environmental impact of mineral slabs should be taken into account when selecting them for insulation. In order to promote sustainability in construction, these materials can be recycled themselves and are frequently made using recycled materials. They also don’t release any dangerous gases or materials, which improves the quality of the air indoors.

Property	Technical Specification
Material	Mineral Slab
Insulation Type	Thermal and acoustic
Thickness	Varies, typically 50mm to 200mm
Thermal Conductivity	Low, around 0.035 W/mK
Fire Performance	Non-combustible
Environmental Impact	Recyclable and eco-friendly

The scope of application

Rocks with a volcanic origin, domain slag, and melted glass are used to make mineral wool. Fibers are extracted from the melt with the aid of centrifuges, and they are combined with a synthetic binder.

The resulting mass is formed into mineral-fluid plates that vary in size, density, and stiffness.

Mineral fiber thermal insulation slabs are used to block heat and sound.

• floors;
• rocky and flat roofs;
• roofs of three -layer panels;
• sexes;
• ceilings;
• partitions;
• three -layer walls of a lightweight type of block materials (mineral wool is laid in the middle of the structure);
• frame walls;
• facades (when warming for plaster and as part of ventilated hinged facades).

Basic properties

The thermal insulation qualities of the material, as well as its density, moisture resistance, vapor permeability, and fire resistance, must be considered when selecting insulation for the ceiling, walls, floors, or roof.

Mineral wool is one of the least expensive heat insulators and has a high level of resistance to noise and cold. However, you should ascertain the criteria used to assess a heater’s suitability for installation under particular circumstances before making a purchase.

Advantages of fibrous insulation

Slabs of mineral wool are distinguished by:

• small specific gravity – insulation with this material will not overload the structure;
• high strength (this indicator depends on the density of the plate);
• fire resistance;
• bio resistance (the material is resistant to decay, unattractive for pests and rodents);
• durability (operational period, subject to the correct installation exceeds 50 years).

The material leads the heat insulator market due to its superior technical qualities.

Thermal conductivity

Because of its fibrous structure, code heat insulation made of mineral wool offers good resistance to heat leakage.

According to GOST 4640-2011, thermal conductivity indicators range from 0.036 to 0.042 W/(m • K) at a temperature of 10 °C to 25 °C, depending on the type and purpose of the plates.

Fire resistance

High fire resistance materials are referred to as mineral wool because they don’t catch fire from unintentional sparks or help a fire spread. Fibrous plates can be in contact with air that is heated to 750 °C and surfaces that are heated to +400 °C.

If basalt fiber is not mixed with combustible synthetic materials as filler, non-combustible plates made of it can resist two hours of exposure to an open flame at 1000°C.

Density

The block is more resilient and better able to tolerate deformation stresses under load when its density is higher.

There is a distinction between the following kinds of mineral wool plates:

• Soft plate (40-55 kg/m3, brand PM-40 and PM-50);
• Semi-rigid plate (60-90 kg/m3, brand PP-60, PP-70, PP-80);
• Hard plates (100-150 kg/m3, brand PZh-100, PZh-120, PZh-140);
• high stiffness slabs (160-210 kg/m3, Mark PSH-160, PPH-180, PPH-200);
• Solid plate (220-300 kg/m3, brand PT-220, PT-2550, PT-300).

Moisture resistance

Slabs of mineral wool are susceptible to moisture. While the fiber’s strength and other characteristics remain unaffected, the presence of moisture in the material’s structure causes a significant rise in the material’s coefficient of thermal conductivity, ultimately leading to a decline in its operational properties.

Hydrophys of the material is made possible by the use of specific fillers. The GOST states that an insulation’s water resistance should have an average pH of 4–7.

Vapor permeability

In contrast to heat insulators made of other materials, mineral wool has the highest vapor permeability. (m*hour*PA) = 480*10-6 g/is the indicator.

Mineral wool insulation allows for the preservation of gas exchange through structures, creating a comfortable microclimate within the space, in situations where an impermeable vapor barrier is not present (such as external wall insulation for plaster) or where a gas-permeable membrane is employed.

The advantages of slab insulation

The mineral plate stands out for more reasons than just its superior functionality. Blocks are easy to mark and cut to size because of their structure, which also helps them retain shape.

Heat insulators can be mounted quickly and easily on soft, semi-rigid, hard, or hard blocks. Typically, they are placed in the spaces between floor lags and roof rafters, or in the cells of walls or ceilings.

Hard mineral wool slabs are placed on a prepared surface for external thermal insulation of flat roofs, and fasteners with "umbrella" hats are used for external thermal insulation of walls.

One more benefit to be mentioned is the material’s reasonable price.

Ministry of Plutus: types and technical parameters

Technical indicators on mats made of mineral fiber vary depending on the following:

• used raw materials;
• the location of the fibers;
• density.

The range of applications for a heat insulator with specific qualities must be considered when selecting an insulation material.

Varieties of slab insulation

There are three types of thermal insulation mats: stone cotton wool, slag, and glass wool.

The least expensive insulation option is glass wool. The same materials used to make glass—dolomite, limestone, drill, sand, and soda—are also used in the manufacturing process. The fiber measures 15–50 mm in length and 5–15 microns in thickness. The operating temperature range is -60 °C to +450 °C. The heat-shielding qualities of glass wool are diminished when time creams are added.

Wearing protective gear is essential when working because broken fibers are prone to breaking during installation. In order to prevent glass dust from entering the room, it is also crucial to seal the insulation using a steam barrier.

Because blasting slag is used as the raw material in its manufacture, the slag has a low level of environmental safety. It is not advised to use the material for internal insulation in residential buildings because of this. The fiber measures 16 mm in length and has a thickness of 4–12 microns.

Slag is not a good material for external building insulation because it absorbs water easily.

The safest and most efficient heat insulator is basalt insulation, also known as stone cotton wool, because its particles do not fall into the air during installation and they essentially do not crumble.

Stone fiber material is also claimed to be hazardous to the environment if phenol-formaldehyde resin was not used in its production. However, the product is very valuable.

The Ministry of Plutus occurs in terms of the structure of fiberity.

• with a chaotic arrangement of fibers;
• with lamella (perpendicular) arrangement of fibers.

With the lamella location above the material’s exposure.

Marking

The density determines how the mineral wool is marked in accordance with established standards. The extent to which the material can be applied is impacted by the same indicator.

Type of slab	The brand in density	Abbreviated designation	Recommended scope
Soft PM plate	40 50	PM-40 PM-50	Unloaded heat, sound insulation of the pitched roofs, floors, floors of the first floor, frame partitions.
Semi -rigid pp	60 70 80	PP-60 PP-70 PP-80	Unloaded heat, sound insulation of the pitched roofs, floors, ceilings, internal partitions, light frame structures, three-layer lightweight walls of low-rise buildings made of brick, aerated concrete and other blocks.
Stride stiff pancreas	100 120 140	PZh-100 PZh-120 PZh-140	Heat-, sound insulation of the walls, in t.h. facade with a ventilated gap, basement ceilings on the underside, three -layer lightweight walls of low -rise buildings made of brick, aerated concrete, etc. blocks. Thermal insulation layer in three -layer panels for wall and roofing structures.
High stiffness of PPZ	160 180 200	PPZ-160 PPG-180 PPZ-200	Heat-, sound insulation subject to load in flat roofs from profiled flooring or reinforced concrete without the device of cement screed or leveling layer. Thermal insulation of buildings facades with subsequent plastering or device of a protective-puff layer. Thermal insulation layer in three -layer panels for wall and roofing structures.
Solid stove Fri	220 250 300	PT-220 PT-2550 PT-300	Heat, sound insulation, finishing slabs for ceilings and walls. Heat-, sound insulation subject to load in flat roofs from profiled flooring or reinforced concrete without a hardening screed or leveling layer. Noise and sound insulation of the base of equipment, floors, ceilings, partitions.

Table: Recommended scope and types of plates

Modifications for the ease of styling

The installation of insulation flooring is linked to the configuration of a multi-layer system, which may include a windproof screen, steam and moisture insulating barriers, and the creation of a thermal insulation barrier on vertical or inclined structures.

On complicated surfaces, unique mineral fiber mats with an extra layer are used to make the installation of the insulation system easier:

• Grounding with a polymer film or fiberglass protects the heat insulator fibers from blowing with the wind;
• foil prevents the penetration of steam into the insulation and helps to maintain heat in the room due to the reflection of thermal radiation;
• The outer bitumen layer serves as a waterproofing protection that does not prevent steam.

Popular brands of mineral slab insulation

Make sure to trust the availability of quality certificates when purchasing a fibrous heat insulator that meets all necessary requirements, is made in compliance with international and Russian standards, and is environmentally friendly.

Preference should be given to well-established brands, such as:

• Rockwool (heat and sound insulation of the Battts line);
• Knauf;
• ISOVER;
• EcoVER;
• Technonikol.

Size range

The calculated thickness of the heat insulator must be considered when selecting mineral wool slabs.

This parameter is impacted:

• features of the insulated structure;
• climate of the construction region;
• the location of the dew point;
• thermal conductivity of the block;
• The level of load.

The thickness and density of the plates that are recommended for use are specified on the packaging by the manufacturers.

Selecting mineral slab insulation for your house has a number of significant benefits. First and foremost, superior thermal performance is offered by mineral slab insulation, like rock wool or fiberglass. This implies that it efficiently stops heat loss in the winter and aids in keeping the interior cooler in the summer. Over time, its capacity to control temperature can result in significant energy savings.

The ability of mineral slab insulation to withstand fire is another benefit. Because it is composed of inorganic materials, it is safer for use in residential buildings because it does not support combustion. Along with improving safety, this fire resistance could result in cheaper homeowner insurance costs.

Furthermore, the ability of mineral slab insulation to absorb sound is highly prized. It contributes to the creation of a more comfortable and quieter indoor environment by lowering airborne sound transmission. Homes next to busy intersections or in noisy urban areas will especially benefit from this feature.

Moreover, mineral slab insulation has a long lifespan. It is pest- and mold-resistant, in contrast to certain organic insulation materials. This longevity guarantees that the insulation will continue to function well over time, offering steady thermal and acoustic advantages for the duration of your house.

If you’re thinking about installing mineral slab insulation in your home, you should carefully consider its technical specifications. Typically, these specifications include ratings for fire resistance, density, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity. By being aware of these variables, you can make sure that the insulation you choose satisfies the unique needs of your building’s structure and climate zone.

In summary, mineral slab insulation provides a thorough approach to improving residential buildings’ comfort, security, and energy efficiency. Many homeowners aiming to enhance their living spaces choose it because of its durability, fire resistance, thermal performance, and ability to absorb sound.

"We go into the technical details of mineral slab insulation for homes in order to give homeowners a comprehensive grasp of its advantages and real-world applications. Mineral slabs are made of natural materials like rock wool or glass wool and are renowned for their superior thermal and acoustic insulation qualities. These materials improve soundproofing, lower energy costs, and efficiently control indoor temperature. By demystifying their density, thermal conductivity, fire resistance, and environmental impact, this article hopes to provide readers with the knowledge they need to make wise decisions regarding upgrading their home’s insulation."

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