Falts roof – old traditions according to modern technologies

Falts roofs are an intriguing fusion of modern construction technology with traditional craftsmanship. Falts roofs have changed from their ancient construction methods to satisfy modern needs for sustainability, efficiency, and visual appeal.

Falts roofs have historically been a distinctive feature of architectural traditions found in many different cultures. The method is applying layers of stone, wood, or clay to produce a surface that is resilient to weather. This technique allowed for detailed designs that reflected regional and cultural styles, while also guaranteeing durability against the elements.

The use of falts roofs has become more popular recently due to improvements in building materials and methods. Thanks to advancements in technology, roofers can now innovate and improve upon traditional methods by using eco-friendly options, better insulation, and reinforced materials. The performance of falts roofs is enhanced by these updates, which also bring them into compliance with modern energy and sustainability standards.

Falts roofs are popular today because of their adaptability and classic aesthetic appeal. They are used to decorate both contemporary and historical buildings, integrating perfectly into urban environments while maintaining a connection to the past through architecture. As a result of the fusion of modern technology and age-old customs, falts roofs are guaranteed to endure and provide aesthetic appeal and longevity for today’s architectural styles.

Falts roof: Description and properties

The folds have represented wealth and prestige for many centuries. The most well-known structures from the past are crowned. Only a small portion of European architecture that uses folding systems is found in places like the Hermitage, Cologne Cathedral, and Catherine Palace, as well as the romantic Castle Neuschwanstein, which is featured in numerous historical documentaries.

Of course, the metal itself and the ways in which it is fastened have changed significantly over many centuries. After being coated for protection, metal sheets became much thinner and transformed into rolled materials that could be used to cover roofs of any shape. And once the double folding was created, metal roofs gained popularity among developers as high-tech, exceptional, affordable, and aesthetically pleasing roofing materials.

A coating of copper, zinc alloy, aluminum, and galvanizing based on separate panels (paintings) composed of sheet or rolled rolling makes up the folding roof. Its unique folding connection of metal fragments gives it the name Faltseva. These roofing systems are the best in terms of cost, longevity, ease of styling, and aesthetic appeal.

Video: the best roofs – falses

Falts roof materials

Many people are interested in the cost of the folding roof. Considering that Falts is a technology rather than a material, the price difference may be substantial based on the original materials used to make the paintings (fragments). The following metal kinds are still utilized in folding panels today.

1. Galvanized steel (GOST 14918) with a polymer layer is perhaps the most common material for the folding coating, which is based on a cold steel sheet with a thickness of up to 0.55 mm, which was exposed on both sides of hot galvanizing. As a result of this, roofing steel is not afraid of corrosion and is well applied with subsequent layers. That is, quite strong, it will not exfoliate, which means that it will retain its respectable appearance throughout the entire life. On top of the galvanizing is covered with colored polymer spraying – polyester, matte purat, plastisol, pooret or Purex.
2. Roofing aluminum (GOST 21631) – no less popular material for the manufacture of folding paintings – light, durable, plastic, functional and corrosion. Prefa and Kalzip aluminum roofs are especially in demand, which are characterized by a rich color palette and unusual composition, designed specifically for folding, which easily allows you to mount panels on arches, dome, attic and even faces facades of a complex geometric shape.
3. Copper roof of the brand m₁ (GOST 859) – the most beautiful coating with centuries -old vitality and complete anti -corrosion. Holy Homeleon-as it is called by professionals for a unique ability to change color over the years. At first, it acquires a brown shade, after 2-3 years it becomes a dark chocolate tint, then a matte-black one and 10-15 years later, a malachite-green patin is completely covered. To speed up this process, roofing copper is subjected to patining – artificial aging.
4. Titan-zinc coating Ts-2 (GOST 3640)-zinc alloy (99.71%) with copper (0.12%) and titanium (0.17%), which incorporated the best properties of these metals. Is characterized by nobility, solidity, high plasticity and centenary service, but requires a professional approach during installation.

In a word, there is something to choose from – from budget galvanizing at a price of 400 r./m² to elite zinc and copper rental worth 2500–3500 r./m². The price varies depending on the properties and thickness of the metal, the density of zinc, as well as the established life. In particular, the average service life of a galvanized folding roof is 12 years old, after which it will require its updating and painting every 3 years, and copper and zinc panels will last for more than 150 years with competent styling. Thin metal without a protective polymer coating will cost cheaper, but as practice shows, short -lived, and it does not look as exquisite as panels with a puralum or purple spray.

But selecting the right material shouldn’t just be based on the benefit; consideration should also be given to:

• local weather conditions;
• the purpose of the building;
• wind and snow load in the region;
• moisture and temperature drops.

While folding systems can save money on the rafter frame by using cheaper, smaller-cross-section lumber, they should not conflict with the normative acts, such as SP 17.13330.2011, SNiP II-26-76*, SNiP 3.03.01–87, and 12–01–2004, which must be followed when building metal roofs.

The methods used in the manufacture of false panels vary. The roof’s sheet metal structure is regarded as traditional. Nevertheless, the size of the raw materials limits the size of such canvases, so it is best to use metal sheets to make small paintings.

The production of panels from rolled material is another matter. Any length of picture allows for the greatest possible avoidance of bedding, which is the primary cause of leaks. Furthermore, rolled technology requires lower qualifications and is much simpler. This enables the reduction of expenses related to painting independently and to the early and forming elements of metal scraps, such as skates, parapets, slopes and ebbs, cornices and pediments, smokers, drainage gutters, lends, etc., the purchase of which will account for at least 20–30% of the total cost of materials. And the roof is much more interesting when whole canvases are placed on slopes.

Video: Production of additional elements on home -made leaf beam

Types of compounds

Falz is the seam that results from joining two components. In other words, you will obtain a folding connection if you take two sheets, press them together along their edges, bend them both in the same direction, and then press out the edge. The method used to bend this kind of lock determines how the roof looks and how it functions.

It has a unique appearance:

• Standing folds – designed to connect the paintings along the slopes;
• Lying – used for horizontal fastening of paintings – less reliable than standing, so recently they are used less and less;
• The angular standing folds of the Mr.-shaped shape-due to the created effect of volume and shadow, are widely used in the cladding of ceremonial facial surfaces;
• Clickfalians – an improved type of connection of panels without a traditional rolling up, in which the seam is inserted into the seam and is fixed with a light press.

The folding seams, based on the level of sealing, are:

• single – differ in the simplicity of the seam closing, used on roofs with a slope of at least 10º;
• double – more reliable mounts with double bending of the edge of the panels. They complicate the installation process, but are used more often single, especially in technically complex areas of the roof. In addition, the paintings connected by a double fold can be laid on almost gentle structures if you insert a special sealing tape into the fold.

Video: clickfall or double standing

Combaters are reinforced with the Falts connection, which consists of thin steel stripes that are tucked inside the folds at one end and secured to the crate with the other for covert fastening. Klyammers float and are harsh. In order to keep short panels from moving in relation to the base, it is acceptable to use strong fixation. Long paintings are attached using swimming (sliding) Klyammers because of the coating’s potential for thermal expansion.

Another kind of folding compound has its origins in the distant past; it’s called a rack fold, and it works by using a wooden bar that is positioned in between the panels and marked on the crate. Since even a wide double fold is not as reliable as the rack, false roofs with bars are more textured and long-lasting.

Video: Reychny Falz, review

However, we have now reached the most fascinating part. Few people discuss him, and those that do are most definitely not "friendly" sellers and hired contractors, as their objectives differ from the developer’s. Future owners are generally the only ones who are concerned about the roof’s dependability and quality.

Recall that using a folding roof device without first applying a viscous one-component polyurethane sealant is not acceptable.

In order to hermetically mount the roof, no single kind of connection or painting technology will be helpful if the high-quality, UV-resistant fakes are not laid down. It turns into regular rubber after solidification and firmly adheres to metal surfaces.

This is caused by the metal’s thermal expansion, which makes voids appear inside the falses in the spring sun. At this time of year, melted snow pours into the drainage grooves, which are clogged with snow, icicles, and trash in the early spring. Water flows are forced by this obstruction to search for alternate paths that become voids in the Palcets. The water in the folds freezes into ice at night as the temperature drops, creating more space within the folds. There won’t even be a hint of the first tightness of the roof after two or three of these spring-autumn periods.

Advantages and disadvantages of the folding roof

It is not surprising that the folding roof has both advantages and disadvantages given that it is a byproduct of the metal rolling process.

The following indicators convey the benefits of folding systems.

1. Durability. Of course, this is a controversial issue, but thanks to zining and other measures to protect against corrosion, it was possible to significantly increase the life of the metal, which in itself is quite prone to oxidation.
2. Hidden fixation system is an additional guarantee from leaks.
3. Small weight of the coating does not require increased supporting structures.
4. The flexibility of raw materials, the ease of processing and several installation options allow the use of metal panels on complex roofing structures.
5. Simplicity of repair and good anti -corrosion.
6. A variety of textures and colors, as well as the smoothness and beauty of the coating.

Perhaps this is where the benefits end. Think about the drawbacks, including:

• Poor sound insulation, which, however, can be fixed with a gasket of soundproofing seals;
• The ability to accumulate electricity, which is why, when installation, it is necessary to provide lightning protection, although in this matter a specialist needs the advice of a specialist in order not to aggravate the damaging factors;
• low resistance to mechanical damage;
• as well as the fact that simple galvanizing does not look too presentable, and copper and zinc coatings are expensive.

Video: The advantages and disadvantages of the fold roof

The primary deterrent to using the folding roof is its loud noise. There are numerous reasons for this, despite any metal coating. In every situation, they have to deal with them. Experts advise implementing a number of crucial changes to metal canvases in order to completely eradicate or greatly reduce noise.

1. Eliminate the possibility of transmission of vibration outside the house by elements of the rafter system. To do this, lay the soundproofing material with good acoustic properties for each rail (beam) of the counter -counterparts and crate in order to tightly connect them with the supporting frame.
2. Use to fix the counterparts, crate and frontal boards exclusively self -tapping screws that do not weaken the fastening when wood drying out.
3. Apply insulating seals in end, cornice and ridge nodes, as well as along the central axis of the pens from the wrong side to lower the noise wave when passing through the center of sagging metal.
4. Lay high -quality insulation with high soundproofing properties and correctly calculate its thickness according to the features of regional temperatures.

Video: What should be the thickness of the insulation

Leading manufacturers of the folding roof

Folding roof technology, along with the tightness and dependability of the folder compound itself, account for the increasing use of these structures in the construction of private housing and for administrative and residential purposes in urban areas. The products of both Russian and foreign manufacturers currently make up a large portion of the domestic market; the top positions are deservedly held by the following businesses.

1. The Grand Line plant (St. Petersburg)-specializes in the manufacture of a folding roof with firmware of paintings by a double fold and autophalz, as well as the presence of a nail shelf for quick and convenient fixation of metal fragments to the crate. Grand Line products are designed for a wide range of consumers – from PROFI paintings with additional stiffness ribs that significantly increase the soundproofing properties of metal, which is very relevant for long canvases, to the clickfal roof of the Mini with reduced width panels designed for small architectural forms. The price ranges from 350–800 r./m².
2. Ruukki roof appeared on the market in 2004. Under this brand, products are produced by the oldest world -famous Rannila Steel Oy (Finland), which gained the recognition of developers with reliability and impeccable quality of their products. The difference between the Ruukki roof is the thickness of the zinc – 275 g/m², which guarantees the durability of the coating – 40 years for steel and 25 years for the polymer layer. But the same dictates the price – from 900 r./m² for the series Classic C with polyester layering up to 1800 r./m² for Classic Silence coating Pural Matt 50 μm.
3. The company "Insxi" (Russia) has been engaged in the Falts roof since 1994. Its products are designed to cover roofs with different slope – from 3º for a Standart series to 25º for models such as Classica, Elegant, Pragmatic. A feature of the "inxi" is a pretty pricing policy – 400-600 r./m² and many color shades according to the RAL system.
4. Kalzip trademark – Tata Steel Europe unit – since 1968 has been producing aluminum roofing and facade systems. Kalzip products – new ideas in architecture with unlimited variety of forms, as well as magnificent acoustic and heat engineering indicators. It is possible to lay Kalzip panels on cold and warm roofs with a slope of 1.5º. Roofing systems with built -in photocells to obtain energy from sunlight are highly quoted on the global market. Prices for original Kalzip products are not advertised, so there is no information on this issue. But it must be assumed that with such capabilities the arrangement of the fold roof will cost a little.
5. The products on IMADA (Belarus), which releases the folding paintings from the rental of well -known steel giants – Arselormittal (Belgium) and Thyssenkrupp (Germany), as well as the Falts roof Retroline (Prushinsky), deserves attention.

Video: Novelty Ruukki Silence – Silent Falts Roof

Falts roofing device

The folding roof is simple to use, but it has a lot of parts:

• metal panels fastened together by one of the types of folding compound and fixed to the crate by Klyammers;
• Continuous base for copper and titanium-cynus from boards with a thickness of at least 24 mm, moisture-resistant plywood corresponding to GOST 3616.2, or chips;
• Wooden crate from coniferous breeds (GOST 24454), stuffed according to p.7 joint venture 17.13330.2011 with a step of not more than 200 mm, and in cornice overhangs and in gutters – with a continuous flooring with a width of at least 700 mm;
• counter -attacks;
• waterproofing;
• raising a beam laid along the rafters;
• insulation;
• vapor barrier and ceiling.

When installing a folding roof, the following are things to consider:

• According to the Rules 17.13330.2011, the panels around the protruding structures should only be fixed with stiff reinforcements;
• The number of Klyammers required for attaching paintings on the main planes must be calculated taking into account the regional wind load (SNiP 2.01.07), taking into account the calculated effort to pull out the fastener of 500 N, as well as doubleting the number of Klyammers in the cornice and skating nodes;
• With a gutter length, to join the paintings over 8 m, it is necessary to double a lying fold using sealing gaskets;
• With a small slope of the roof, sealing of the folds along the entire length is necessary;
• Metal parts of the roof and fasteners should be made of materials compatible in terms of properties (adj. P joint 17.13330.2011).

Table: metals compatibility for arranging a fold roof

Name of the material	Copper	Stainless steel	Cink Steel	Titan-zinc	Aluminum
Copper	+	+	–	–	–
Stainless steel	+	+	+	+	+
Cink Steel	–	+	+	+	+
Titan-zinc	–	+	+	+	+
Aluminum	–	+	+	+	+
Lead	+	+	+	+	+

"When it comes to roofing, flat roofs represent a timeless tradition meeting modern innovation by fusing traditional methods with state-of-the-art technology. Examining the transition from traditional thatch and mud to modern, sophisticated materials and building techniques, flat roofs show how traditional ideas of weatherproofing and making the most of available space have evolved to meet the needs of contemporary design and sustainability. This essay explores the origins, advantages, and difficulties of flat roofs, demonstrating how their robustness, practicality, and visual adaptability have shaped and continue to shape our built environment."

Installation of the fold roof

Independent painting manufacture and styling require adherence to manufacturer guidelines, all applicable GOSTs and SNiPs, as well as industry standards and conventions.

Work instruments:

• a square, a tracer cord, a ruler and roulette;
• Tsang manual clamps and clamps for edging the overhang;
• scissors for metal and ticks roofing;
• drill with a revolution regulator or screwdriver;
• Electric carriage scissors and rubber kiyanka.

Every tool needs to be inspected and adjusted before use.

Video: Tools for the installation of a folding roof

Tasks are completed in the following sequence.

1. Profilation of roller metal. It is important to observe the specified parameters of the finished panel, for which you need to adjust the machine in advance. The main condition – when changing the settings, check the dimensions and angles on the trial sheet.
2. Measurements control. The metal panel is laid on the slope perpendicular to the cornice, checking the geometry of the roof, the straightness of the ridge and the cornice.
3. Laying all layers of roofing pie.
4. Installation of roofing paintings. The gutrum is initially installed and the cornice planks are mounted. Then the yendovs are equipped. Follow the panels, aligning them with a kiyanka on the cornice. Without pulling, fixed with a self -tapping screw along the lower hole of the nail bar. Similarly, cornice mount the end bar. The panels are laid with the lower lock in the direction of subsequent paintings and pressed the seam from the cornice to the skate. Falcers form lying fakes in a checkerboard pattern.
5. The arrangement of the ridge unit, places of adjacence, internal and external bends, installation of stairs, snow retainers and hem.

Video: installation of a folding roof

Repair of the fold roof

The fold system is thought to be dependable and long-lasting. However, she also requires routine maintenance, including updates and repairs, frequently even for non-operational reasons. For instance, the canvas was harmed by a tree that fell during a severe wind. Any flaw in the roof’s structure can lead to addictions that are harmful. Therefore, in order to independently remove the damage quickly and affordably, you need to know as much as possible about folding coating repair.

If the roof started to leak but there were no obvious coating flaws, you should inspect the seams for tightness. If there is a breach, you should open the fold and seal it once more.

Video: sealing the folds of the Runotex falses

It is preferable to inspect the roofing outputs and location sealing at the same time. Mastic or a sealant can be applied around the small pipe of the gap. Large passageways are sealed based on their intended use; for example, a multi-layer seam is created close to the attic windows, a waterproofing apron is placed around the chimneys, or a silicone nozzle is employed following surface cleaning.

Video: Falts roof, pipe bypass

Because of this, the folding roof only needs to be repaired now and then, as long as it is installed strictly and the operating guidelines are followed. Such work should be approached with caution and advice from qualified experts, as it might necessitate partial or total roof disassembly. However, to independently fix minor damage, specifically to any owner, specifically:

• fill the fistula with a patch;
• tighten the folding seams;
• clean the rust and paint the roof if necessary.

Video: Tips for the coloring of the fold roof

In order to minimize the possibility of roof damage, you will need:

• examine the roof twice a year;
• carefully handle the folds and not use aggressive detergents, paints and varnishes for the roof;
• Any scratch, even scanty, is instantly, and not wait for its transformation into a rusty failure;
• periodically treat the folding seams with anti -corrosion compounds;
• Initially, when arranging a folding roof, observe the advice of manufacturers and regulatory requirements.

Modern technological advancements have brought about a significant evolution of flat roofs, which have their roots in ancient building practices. Originally preferred for their ease of use and practicality, flat roofs have been around for thousands of years in many different cultures, including the Mediterranean and the ancient Middle East. Their easy-to-assemble nature and efficient use of space were made possible by their design, which suited hot, dry climates.

Thanks to innovations that solve long-standing issues like insulation and water drainage, flat roofs are seeing a renaissance today. Flat roofs are a feasible option even in areas that frequently experience heavy rain or snowfall because of the improved durability and weather resistance of contemporary materials like modified bitumen, PVC membranes, and EPDM rubber. By ensuring appropriate drainage and structural support, improved design techniques mitigate historical leak and maintenance issues.

Furthermore, flat roofs are now environmentally friendly options thanks to developments in sustainable building techniques. Green roof technologies, which grow vegetation on top of a building, improve air quality, act as a natural insulation, and lessen the effects of urban heat islands. These eco-roofs support biodiversity in urban settings in addition to increasing energy efficiency.

The combination of antiquated customs and cutting-edge technology is continuing to influence the development of flat roofs as we move forward. In order to accommodate a variety of architectural styles and environmental considerations, architects and builders are investigating new materials and techniques that combine aesthetic appeal with functionality. Flat roofs are a versatile canvas for modern construction practices that can be used in residential, commercial, or industrial settings.

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